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1.
Eur. j. psychol. appl. legal context (Internet) ; 16(1): 1-15, Jan. 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-230851

ABSTRACT

Background/Aim: has shown that sketching while narrating facilitates the elicitation of information and verbal veracity cues in single interviews. We examined if these effects are retained when suspects are shown their sketch after one week in a repeated interview. Method: Participants (N = 173) completed a mock mission and then told the truth or lied about it in an immediate interview (interview 1). Participants either verbally reported the mission (Free recall condition) or sketched it while describing what they were sketching (sketch condition). After one week, all participants were asked for a free recall without sketching (interview 2). Half of the participants in the Sketch condition had access to their sketch while they verbally reported the event whereas the remaining half did not access the sketch. Results: Truth tellers provided more information than lie tellers in both interviews, and sketching elicited more information than a free recall but only in Interview 1. Participants who had access to their sketch in interview 2 repeated more information than those who did not have access, but accessing the sketch did not have an effect on veracity cues. Conclusions: Thus, sketching enhanced the elicitation of information in Interview 1 and access to the sketch in interview 2 seemed helpful for recalling previously reported information. (AU)


Antecedentes/objetivo: La investigación ha revelado que el uso de esquemas mientras se lleva a cabo una narración facilita la obtención de información y de indicios verbales de veracidad en una entrevista. Analizamos si estos efectos se mantienen cuando se somete a los sospechosos a su esquema de los hechos en entrevistas repetidas (una semana después). Método: Los participantes (N = 173) completaron una misión simulada y luego contaban la verdad o mentían sobre la misma en una entrevista realizada de modo inmediato (entrevista 1). Los participantes o bien referían verbalmente la misión (condición de recuerdo libre) o la esquematizaban (condición de esquematización). Después de una semana se pidió a todos los participantes un recuerdo libre sin esquematizar (entrevista 2). La mitad de los participantes de la condición de esquematización podían acceder a su esquema mientras referían verbalmente el suceso y la otra mitad no tenía acceso al esquema. Resultados: Los que contaban la verdad daban más información que los que mentían en ambas entrevistas y el esquema facilitaba más información que el recuerdo libre aunque tan solo en la entrevista 1. Aquellos participantes que tenían acceso a su esquema en la entrevista 2 repetían más información que quienes no tenían acceso, aunque el acceso no tenía efecto alguno en indicios de veracidad. Conclusiones: En conclusión, los esquemas incrementaron la obtención de información en la entrevista 1 y el acceso al esquema en la entrevista 2 resultó útil para recordar la información relatada previamente. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Lie Detection/psychology , Interview, Psychological , Interviews as Topic/methods
2.
PLoS One ; 17(8): e0272970, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36007085

ABSTRACT

Faking in a psychological test is often observed whenever an examinee may gain an advantage from it. Although techniques are available to identify a faker, they cannot identify the specific questions distorted by faking. This work evaluates the effectiveness of term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF)-an information retrieval mathematical tool used in search engines and language representations-in identifying single-item faked responses. We validated the technique on three datasets containing responses to the 10-item Big Five questionnaire (total of 694 participants, respectively 221, 243, and 230) in three faking situations. Each participant responded twice, once faking to achieve an objective in one of three contexts (one to obtain child custody and two to land a job) and once honestly. The proposed TF-IDF model has proven very effective in separating honest from dishonest responses-with the honest ones having low TF-IDF values and the dishonest ones having higher values-and in identifying which of the 10 responses to the questionnaire were distorted in the dishonest condition. We also provide examples of the technique in a single-case evaluation.


Subject(s)
Deception , Personality Disorders , Humans , Information Storage and Retrieval , Personality , Personality Inventory
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